المملكة: A qualitative shift .. Caust scientists document the first steps to copy DNA

For the first time, scientists witnessed the moment when the DNA (DNA) begins to disintegrate, in a basic step that enables it to perform its role as a molecule, carrying the genetic code of all forms of life.
This new study is documented by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (Kaost), which was published in the “Nature” magazine, this is the distant moment when the DNA begins to disintegrate, allowing the series of subsequent operations in the process of double the DNA.

DNA copies

This direct viewing highlights the basic mechanisms that enable the cells to copy their genetic material accurately, which is a fundamental process of growth and reproduction.
Using a CRYO-De Microscope and deep learning technology, a laboratory was a professor of biochemistry assistant at Kaost, Professor Alfredo de Piazio, and Professor of Biological Sciences, Professor Samir Hamdan, the interaction of the spiral helian virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen with DNA.
It has been made clear so far to the first steps that doubled the DNA, through 15 atomic cases that clarify how the DNA hemacs enzyme forces the disintegration.

Quality shift

This achievement is a qualitative shift not only in the field of Helicase research, but also in studying the dynamics of enzymes with offspring accuracy.
Although scientists have long realized the importance of Helicase in the process of multiplying the DNA, they were not aware of how the DNA, Helicase enzymes and the Adenosine triple -phosphate molecules (ATP) in a coordinated cycle to push the disintegration process, “according to De Piazio.
Since the worlds, Tson and Crick, in 1953, revealed the double spiral synthesis of DNA, the scientific community began to understand the mechanism of storing and copying genetic information.
In order for the DNA to be copied, this snail must first be removed into two separate strips.

DNA

When the Helicase is linked to the DNA, it begins to “dissolve” the chemical bonds that keep the double snail interconnected, and then separates the two tapes to allow the rest of the enzymes to complete the copying process.
Without this initial step, the DNA cannot copy, which makes Helicase enzymes as nanoparticles by a small size.
And if we consider the Helicase enzymes nanovias, the ATP energy is “ATP) is the” fuel “that provides them with energy. Just as the fuel combustion is car engines, the ATP consumption – the same molecule that moves the muscles of the body – moves six “presses” inside the Helicase to decode the DNA.

DNA

The study revealed that ATP consumption reduces physical restrictions, allowing ilicase to advance the DNA and decompose more double snail.
Thus, the consumption of the ATP power molecule works as a key that increases “randomness” or “turmoil” in the system, giving way to Helicose to move freely.
“Helicase does not use the ATP power molecule to separate the DNA strips at once, but rather through a series of structural changes that gradually destabilize the links and lead to their separation. The combustion of the ATP molecule, or its water analysis is similar to the pulsating work in the mice trap, where the helkise pushes forward, and the DNA particles are part.”
Among the most prominent of the Kaost scientists revealed is that two spiral enzymes work simultaneously to dissolve the DNA in two different locations, to start its disintegration process.

Chemical composition of DNA

By virtue of the nature of the chemical composition of the DNA, the nanoparticles can only move in one direction on one tape of DNA. Through its association with two locations at the same time, Helicase enzymes can coordinate the disintegration process in two directions and with a unique energy efficiency.
“This efficiency shows that the study of DNA copies is not just an attempt to answer fundamental scientific questions about life, but rather make helkase enzymes models to design future nanoparticles,” De Piazio added.
He concluded, “From the design perspective, spiral enzymes (Helicazi) represents mechanical systems with high energy efficiency. The designed nanoparticles can use switches -based switches or disorder to benefit from similar mechanisms to perform complex tasks that depend on strength.”